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Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain (14 December 191113 March 1998) was a German physicist, and designer of the first ''operational'' jet engine.〔http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/425933/Hans-Joachim-Pabst-von-Ohain〕 His first design ran in March 1937, and it was one of his engines that powered the world's first flyable all-jet aircraft, the prototype of the Heinkel He 178 (He 178 V1) in late August 1939. In spite of these early successes, other German designs quickly eclipsed von Ohain's, and none of his engine designs entered widespread production or operational use. Von Ohain started to independently develop his first turbojet engine designs during the same period that Frank Whittle was working on his own similar designs in Britain, their turbojet designs are said by some to be an example of simultaneous invention.〔http://www.draperprize.org/1991.php〕 However, Frank Whitttle was already working on his design in the late 1920s and openly Patented the design in 1930, a full seven years before Ohhain's design ran. That Ohain was completely oblivious to these Patents is widely regarded as improbable. Von Ohain's first jet engine, the Heinkel HeS 1 ran successfully in April 1937, the same month that Whittle's first engine, the Power Jets WU First Model also ran successfully.〔Kay 2002, p. 20.〕 Ohain's jet engine was the first to fly ''operationally'' within the Heinkel He 178 aircraft in 1939, which was followed by Whittle's engine with-in the Gloster E.28/39 in 1941.〔Koehler 1999, p. 173.〕 Operational jet fighter aircraft from both Germany and Britain entered operational use virtually simultaneously in July, 1944.〔Rendall 1999, p. 32.〕 After the war the two men met, and became friends.〔Klooster 2009, p. 459.〕 == Early life and jet development == Born in Dessau, Germany, he earned a Ph.D. in Physics and Aerodynamics from the University of Göttingen, then one of the major centers for aeronautical research, and was lectured by Ludwig Prandtl.〔Constant, Edward. "Genesis N + 1: The origins of the Turbo-Jet revolution" ISBN 0-8018-2222-X Retrieved: 1 August 2010.〕 During his studies, in 1933 he conceived of "an engine that did not require a propeller." After receiving his degree in 1935, Ohain became the junior assistant of Robert Wichard Pohl, then director of the Physical Institute of the University. In 1936, while working for Pohl, von Ohain earned a patent on his version of jet engines, ''Process and Apparatus for Producing Airstreams for Propelling Airplanes''.〔On 10 November 1935, Ohain filed patent 317/38 for a turbojet engine. See: Margaret Conner, ''Hans von Ohain: Elegance in Flight'' (Reston, Virginia: American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics,Inc., 2001), page 34. Copies of some pages from this patent appear (with English translations) on pages 125 and 126.〕 Unlike Frank Whittle's Power Jets WU design, von Ohain's design used a centrifugal compressor ''and'' turbine placed very close together, back to back, with the flame cans wrapped around the outside of the assembly. While working at the University, von Ohain often took his sports car to be serviced at a local garage, Bartles and Becker. Here he met an automotive mechanic, Max Hahn, and eventually arranged for him to build a model of his design for around 1,000 ℛℳ. The completed model was even larger in diameter than Whittle's 1937 fully working engine, although much shorter along the thrust axis. Von Ohain took the model to the University for testing but ran into serious problems with combustion stability. Often the fuel would not burn inside the flame cans and would be blown through the turbine sending shooting flames out the back and overheating the electric motor powering the compressor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hans von Ohain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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